Wolves aren't dogs, but..
Friend L. would be deemed an expert in such matters, not only for having two in her tribe (+ transients) but for her trips around the country, most often related to rescuing such animals from snuffing in Murican animal
While I do not deceive self that I have acquired her lore through osmosis, I've seen enough Live demos + filmed ones, to possess an informed opinion, at least re Wolves, not in-the-wild. Witnessing a few of the techniques the pros learned through shared tips with others - beats any manual.
Among these: L's ... periodic ... need to reassert that She is the alpha male. Period. And with an 80#+ pack-mate, this 'assertion' process will cause owners of cocker-Spaniels to wet pants.. L. is not a large woman (but in great shape); she has had to throw Ivan ~ across a small room - to Get his attention re. some serious infraction of rules for sharing-space, etc. (Ivan won't 'break'; that would be obvious when, with his paws on your shoulders - you are looking at each other at eye-level.)
She must become Tiger lest Ivan imagine that Tsardom is within his grasp. Her moves are premeditated, and have nothing to do with anger, or of instilling a 'fear' response of random neurotic kind: it's about maintaining a hierarchy which, if allowed to deteriorate - WILL produce neurotic behavior in all parts of the tribe, even the 'experienced' biped.
L. would say it better, for having-to - to so many who don't know shit, but read something somewhere. One employs force according to size (!) and the importance of a particular lesson. Sometimes there evasion isn't possible, nor would a 'treat' cajole.
(As Box noted, 'Course! - there Are all kinds of occasions / the majority, in fact / where Love is shown and reciprocated.. probably no more movingly than in Ivan's massive caring for the growth of a *blind* pup (who appears to have acquired bat radar as a now-adult; many cannot believe Jupiter/Jupie is blind, even with the unarguable evidence.)
Dogs are not wolves. But the differences/similarities aren't fodder for a sound bite. The commonality is surely about the pack-animal innate genetic codes shared, despite designer-breeding of the domesticated dogs.
Offhand, I can't think of any substitute for acquiring the tutoring of a truly experienced animal handler, wherever you see that you just don't know what's going on with your beast -- or what you should/shouldn't 'do' about it. (I certainly do not qualify to teach anyone, and believe no one can do much remote analysis.. beyond noting a few attitudes? that can help a new owner to acquire smarts.) No reason a tyke can't learn a few basic 'assertions' - it would likely be good for his own growing sense of er {ugh - another word so badly mauled} 'empowerment'?
My 3 itty-bitty wolf nips
(Jupie now acknowledges my scent too as, ~~ Shit! this biped already knows I'm a pussycat at heart.. guess we can just play, then.)