You said a department of the EPA?
Typical U.S. Corporate HR drones tend to like 1-2 page resumes, bullet points, buzzwords, easily digestible.
For these guys, it's all about feeding them into a resume shredder, finding the right buzzwords, then popping out about 15-25 resumes from the 3000 that came in through HR. (BTW, these come AFTER the 5-10 resumes each headhunter has supplied them with.)
Typical U.S. corporation wants your most recent experience, last 24-36 months. Anything prior is "inconsequential".
Academic, U.S. Government tend to be more like your father says. They want a Curriculum Vitae, not a Resume. They want your "entire" employment history (easier for the background check). They want contacts at every company you've ever worked for. They want "paragraphs".
You know the audience, you already will get into the running. So I would say, do what you think you should here.
Glen Austin