Why is noaa turning down many of the arctic sensors when that is an area of most concern?
The supplementary data from the paper is here. It says:
Therefore, our estimate of the additional warming over recent decades in the arctic, not included in our primary global analysis, is likely to be an underestimate of the actual warming. However, because our data date back to 1880, further investigation (beyond the scope of this analysis) is required to demonstrate the optimum interpolation approach for both short and long periods in data-sparse, high-latitude regions.
Similarly with your other questions.
Happy hunting. ;-)
Cheers,
Scott.