E.g. you can easily check sales in [link|http://maps.assessor.lacounty.gov/mapping/viewer.asp|Los Angeles County]. It only seems to go back a few years, though. I don't know if Long Beach is listed in there or not.
As to how the price can go up so much, well I think it's due to several factors: 1) Most people spending that much have profits from previous houses (they're not first-time buyers); 2) A rising market makes people accept more risk; 3) Easier lending (you don't have to put 20% down anymore; ARMs; negative amortization; "liar loans"; etc.); 4) Multiple incomes (2 people or more working to pay the mortgage payment, versus 1 in the 1970s and earlier); 5) Jobs attract people and they have to live somewhere reasonably close by; 6) Inflation in general - When houses cost $15k [link|http://www2.census.gov/prod2/popscan/p60-043.pdf|in 1963, the median family income was $6200] (54 page .pdf). Using that same scaling of household income ([link|http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/income_wealth/005647.html|$44k in 2004]) to housing price, you end up with $106k for a home price. You can get a decent house for that in the midwest, but not in Long Beach, I'll bet. ;-) So inflation isn't the whole answer...
FWIW.
Cheers,
Scott.