[link|http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=58373|OCS Inventory] seems to be aimed towards Winders, though there are Linux components. Dunno if it'll do part of what you want.
[link|http://www.sabre23t.com/20050421/computers-inventory/|Some comments on it], an [link|http://ocsinventory.sourceforge.net/contrib/walter.hieber/|example] of its use. Of course, the information about location, etc., would have to be available by some other means.
Haven't used it myself.
Luck!
Cheers,
Scott.