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New Re: Makes sense for the most part
But the last question is why the XHTML acts different for DIV elements than the HTML 4.0 transitional documents? This occurs in both browsers and I'm not sure why the change.

I'm not sure about your specific example, but there are a lot of little differences between XHTML and HTML 4.x in the obscure corners of the language. This is not always because of differences in the standards. Both Microsoft and the Mozilla foundation took XHTMl as a chance to fix some long standing bugs in their rendering that they didn't fix previously because it would break existing pages.

Jay
New Know it fixes problems related to well-formedness
But I ran the 4 examples though the W3C validator and they all check out. Which begs the question of why the height attribute on the DIV tag is ignored in the XHTML document.
New Seems to be the lack of unit identifier
The CSS spec requires that measurements have a unit identifier, such as px for pixels or pt for points.

It appears to be a case where Firefox just assumes pixels when rendering HTML but ignores the incorrect declaration when rendering in XHTML. This passes the W3 validator because the CSS validator is a seperate utility.

If you put ".div {height:20;width:100%;overflow:auto;}" into the CSS validator it kicks it out for not having a unit on the height.

Jay
New That was what I was trying to grok. Thanks.
     Question on Height attributes for DIV/SPAN tags - (ChrisR) - (12)
         OS X Firefox has scrollbars for HTML 4.0 DIV - (SpiceWare)
         Re: Question on Height attributes for DIV/SPAN tags - (admin) - (1)
             That'll do the trick. Thanks. -NT - (ChrisR)
         Height means nothing on a span tag - (JayMehaffey) - (6)
             Makes sense for the most part - (ChrisR) - (5)
                 Re: Makes sense for the most part - (JayMehaffey) - (3)
                     Know it fixes problems related to well-formedness - (ChrisR) - (2)
                         Seems to be the lack of unit identifier - (JayMehaffey) - (1)
                             That was what I was trying to grok. Thanks. -NT - (ChrisR)
                 Have a rummage in here. - (static)
         20 what? - (ubernostrum) - (1)
             Well, you'd think that have a default. - (ChrisR)

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