I would also pay attention to your motherboard chipset drivers and BIOS revision. You may need to upgrade the BIOS.
As far as reinstalling goes, I wouldn't, yet - you'd be surprised how installing the right drivers can bring a system around.
To sort your "can't run chkdsk" problem, you need to boot to the recovery console. Boot off the CD, and follow the options to repair the installation; you can then run the recovery console and chkdsk your drive.
Me, I've got a BX440 which is the last truly great chipset Intel have produced. Supported by everyone, thoroughly debugged. :-)