If one is set up as a wifi hotspot, you can probably use any number of services to connect. No, I've never tried.
[edit]
http://android.stackexchange.com/questions/9727/can-i-use-2-android-phones-as-walkie-talkie-without-internet
[edit]
http://android.stackexchange.com/questions/9727/can-i-use-2-android-phones-as-walkie-talkie-without-internet