Hmmm, if most aircraft bolts are 'relieved', torqued to near elastic limit in ordinary service - implication is that they cannot handle much external force at all. Impulse I mean, (F x T) as an object hitting. Not even a very big object. The 747 was failing with only the relatively gradual stress of the added mass loading - scary chosen bolt dia. then :[

Only automotive equiv. that comes to mind is cyl. head bolts. Cheaper and to less rigid specs of course - but IIRC - many nowadays are meant to be torqued equally near elastic limits, and except for one retorquing (from initial creep and from thus - 'slacked-off') = reset just up to original value. If ever removed next - buy new. Ditto for my Kawa KZ-550 cyl. head bolts, when I changed head gasket.

Trains are nice.


Ashton